India’s Dependence on Coal Continues as UK Shuts Its Last Plant
India, a developing country with substantial energy demands, will continue to rely on coal as a key element in its energy mix, policy experts stressed, in contrast to developed nations like the UK that are moving towards coal-free energy systems.
UK’s Historic Move towards Coal-Free Energy
The closure of the UK’s last coal power plant, marking its exit from coal-based energy, is seen as a significant event in energy history. The UK had been a pioneer in coal power since 1882. The move aligns with climate goals of limiting global warming to 1.5°C, which most other OECD countries are also striving for.
India’s Unique Energy Challenges
Unlike developed nations, India faces unique challenges due to its energy demands as a developing country. Coal continues to be the backbone of its energy system, powering important industries such as steel and cement. In 2023-24, coal is expected to make up 75% of the country’s electricity generation, up from 71% in 2019-20.
Balancing Coal Dependency with Emissions Reduction
While coal remains a crucial part of India’s energy strategy, there is growing awareness of the need to tackle emissions from coal plants. Energy analyst Sunil Dahiya emphasizes the importance of implementing advanced technologies and efficiency improvements in coal-fired power plants to minimize environmental impact. This underscores India’s commitment to reducing emissions while meeting its energy needs.
India’s Transition to Renewable Energy
Transitioning to renewable energy sources is a priority for India, but significant challenges exist. Climate activist Harjeet Singh underscores the intermittent nature of solar and wind power and the lack of large-scale battery storage as obstacles to widespread adoption. Singh calls for enhanced international financial and technological support to help India phase out coal and ensure a just transition.
Addressing Hypocrisy and Achieving Emission targets
Former deputy chairman of the Planning Commission, Montek Singh Ahluwalia, points out the hypocrisy of Western nations focusing on coal while neglecting oil and natural gas. India acknowledges its emissions may increase before they peak and start declining. Ahluwalia demonstrates India’s commitment to achieving its net-zero emissions target by 2070.
Coal’s Essential Role in India’s Development
India’s Environment Minister, Bhupender Yadav, highlights the crucial role of coal in the country’s development. While India is making steady progress in renewable energy, coal remains the most affordable and reliable source of electricity. Yadav emphasizes the need for a balanced approach, including gradual phasing out of coal, but acknowledges the current dependency on it as a source of energy for the country.
